Ranking Sub-Watersheds for Flood Hazard Mapping: A Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Approach

The aim of this paper is to assess the extent which Sad-Kalan watershed in Iran participates floods and rank sub-watersheds terms flooding potential by utilizing multi-criteria decision-making approaches. We employed entropy a drainage network, stream power index (SPI), slope, topographic control (TCI), compactness coefficient (Cc) investigation. After forming decision matrix with 25 possibilities (sub-watersheds) 5 evaluation indices, we used four MCDM approaches, including analytic hierarchy process (AHP), best–worst method (BWM), interval rough numbers AHP (IRNAHP), picture fuzzy (PF-AHP), linear assignment model (PF-LAM, hereafter PICALAM) algorithms, sub-watersheds. study results demonstrated that PICALAM exhibited superior performance compared other methods due its consideration both local global weights for each criterion. Additionally, among (AHP, BWM, IRNAHP) showed similar performances ranking sub-watersheds, BWM proved be more time-efficient process.